Which statement is true about the manipulation of independent variables in experiments?

In an experimental context, manipulating independent variables is crucial for establishing cause-and-effect relationships. When researchers intentionally change one or more independent variables, they can observe how these changes affect the dependent variables (outcomes). This manipulation allows for controlled experiments where other factors can be held constant, making it possible to draw valid inferences about causality.

By demonstrating that variations in the independent variable consistently lead to changes in the dependent variable, researchers can support claims about direct relationships between these variables. This is fundamental in experimental design and distinguishes experimental studies from observational studies, where such cause-and-effect conclusions cannot be made with the same level of confidence due to lack of manipulation and control.

The other options do not accurately represent the nature of independent variable manipulation in experiments, as manipulating these variables is central to measuring outcomes and establishing relationships rather than minimizing, avoiding, or being unrelated to them.